1 Mood:
Definition, Types & Examples
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The mood in English grammar
does not refer to the emotion of the action or anything like that. Instead,
the mood of the verbs refers
to whether or not something is a fact. The intention of the speaker/writer is
understood by the mood of the verbs.
In English, there are
mainly three kinds of mood:
Each of the types has a particular function.
1.1.1.1
Indicative Mood
Indicative mood tells the
reader/listener something factual. This mood is generally used in making
a statement or asking for a
statement by a question. The statement can be factual or presumed to be factual.
Example:
o Michel
was the greatest musician.
o Where
are you going?
o I am
going to Texas.
1.1.1.2
Imperative Mood
Imperative mood makes a verb into a
command or request. It always uses the second person as the subject of the sentence and most of the time the
subject remains hidden.
Example:
o Bring the
bottle over here.
o Make
me a cup of tea, please.
o Let
her take her own decisions. (Here, ‘let’ is the
verb of this sentence, not ‘take’.)
1.1.1.3
Subjunctive Mood
Subjunctive mood indicates the
possibility, wishes, or hypothetical statements. It is almost the opposite of
the indicative
mood. This mood usually mixes the tense of the verbs and does not
follow the common usage of the tense.
Subjunctive has some different
structures from the other structures of sentences.
Conditionals generally use the
subjunctive mood.
Example:
o If you
change this dress, I will take you with me.
o If I
were in your shoes, I would not do it.
o If
they were in America, they could not escape from it.
o If
they had taken the vaccine, they would not have been affected.
Some certain verbs + the
conjunction that requires the next clause to use the subjunctive mood and
the clause uses the base form of the verb in it.
The verbs are:
|
Advise – demand – prefer –
require – ask – insist Propose – stipulate – command – recommend
Suggest – decree – order – request – urge – move |
Structure:
|
Subject + the verbs of the
above box (any tense) +
THAT + subject + base verb + . . . . . |
Example:
o He
insisted that I stay at
home.
o The
office requires that we complete our
work timely.
o She
commanded that he stop smoking.
o I
recommend that you wake up
early.
Note: There are some clauses also
which require the verb of the next clause to be in base form.
The clauses are:
|
It is/was + past participle form of the verb
of the above box + THAT It is/was urgent + THAT It is/was necessary + THAT It is/was important + THAT |
Example:
o It is
important that you invite the
prime minister in our wedding.
o It was
necessary that I make a
fence.
o It was
recommended that you meet the
principal.